Solaris Operating System

Encapsulation and Deencapsulation

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When systems communicate with each other, data can be thought of as flowing down the model from the application layer to the hardware layer, across the network connection, and then flowing up the model on the target system from the hardware layer to the application layer.

A header is added to each segment received on the way down the model, and a header is removed from each segment on the way up the model, as shown in Figure 2-2.

Each header contains specific address information so that the layers on the remote system know how to forward the communication.

System 1

			Application
	User data
	1	r
			Transport
TH User data
		r
			Internet
|IH |TH i User data
		r ''
			Network interface
1 nhih |TH i User data NT
			Hardware
Packet

TH = Transport header IH = Internet header

System 2

Message

Signal

Application

Transport

Internet

Network interface

Hardware

User data

ITH I User data

IH TH User data

0 0